Mahatma Gandhi was born Mohandas Gandhi in 1869 in India. The
name Mahatma, meaning “Great Soul” was given to him
by the Indian masses as he led them in their struggle for independence
from Britain. Though he was born into the second highest Hindu
cast, Gandhi would become a leader for Indian Home Rule, spokesman
for the masses and an advocate for the “Untouchables”
(those who were considered too low to have a cast). He studied
law in London and after he received his degree was sent to South
Africa by his Indian law firm. It was there that Gandhi’s
life long campaign for the rights of dispossessed persons began
when he was asked to give up his seat on the train to a white
person. When he refused, he was put off the train. Gandhi’s
efforts made great strides for the rights of Indian workers in
South Africa.
When Gandhi returned home to India, he traveled the country
via train as a third class passenger. He wanted to travel as
the masses did and see how most people lived in India, not just
the privileged few. Gandhi gave up his European style clothing
and wore the simple attire of the poor of India. The masses
of India were easily able to identify with him and saw him as
their leader in their struggle for freedom from British rule.
Perhaps the most significant contribution Gandhi gave to the
world was his idea that non-violent, non-cooperation could successfully
achieve results, such as the end of British rule in India. Gandhi
spent long periods of time in prision during his life, but he
never fought back with violence. He spent a great deal of time
and energy advocating for the rights of women and untouchables
in India. Gandhi was greatly sadened by the violence that broke
out between the Hindus and the Muslims after India had gained
independence. His dream was of a united India. He would fast
to stop the violence. Shortly after his last fast, Mahatma Gandhi
was shot during his daily prayer by a fanatical Hindu who did
not want reconciliation with the Muslims.
Gandhi endured imprisionment and undertook fasts to adhere
to his belief that non-violence is the only way to achieve an
end. He was a humble man, saying, ”The world knows so
little of how much my so-called greatness depends upon the incessant
toil and drudgery of silent, devoted, able and pure workers,
men as well as women.” His quest for spiritual realization
took precedence over everything in his life.
“I am but a humble seeker after Truth and bent upon
finding it. I count no sacrifice too great for the sake of seeing
God face to face. The whole of my activity, whether it may be
called social, political, humanitarian or ethical, is directed
to that end.”
Ghandi exemplified the life of a true spiritual leader and
seeker. For insight into his heart and mind we recommend reading,
Mohan-Mala (A Gandhian Rosary).